Best Roof Shingles for Wind

Choosing the right roof shingles is crucial, especially if you live in an area prone to high winds. A durable roof not only protects your home from the elements but also saves you money in the long run by preventing costly repairs. This article will guide you through the best roof shingles for wind resistance, helping you make an informed decision for your home’s safety and longevity.

Understanding Wind Resistance Ratings

Before diving into specific shingle types, it’s important to understand wind resistance ratings. These ratings indicate a shingle’s ability to withstand wind speeds without being blown off or damaged. The most common standards are set by ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials).

ASTM D7158: The Standard for Wind Resistance

ASTM D7158 is the industry standard test method for determining the wind resistance of asphalt shingles. This test involves subjecting shingles to varying wind speeds in a controlled environment. The test classifies shingles into one of three classes:

• Class D: Withstands wind speeds up to 90 mph.
• Class G: Withstands wind speeds up to 120 mph.
• Class H: Withstands wind speeds up to 150 mph.

When selecting shingles for a high-wind area, prioritize those with a Class G or Class H rating. Keep in mind that proper installation is just as important as the rating itself.

ASTM D3161: An Older Standard

While ASTM D7158 is the current standard, you might still encounter references to ASTM D3161, an older test method. This test uses a different procedure and classifies shingles into classes A, D, and F. Class F is roughly equivalent to Class G in the D7158 standard, signifying resistance to 110 mph winds.

Always check the manufacturer’s specifications to understand the exact wind resistance rating and the test method used.

Types of Roof Shingles and Their Wind Resistance

Several types of roof shingles are available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages regarding wind resistance. Here’s a breakdown of some of the most popular options:

Asphalt Shingles: The Most Common Choice

Asphalt shingles are the most widely used roofing material in North America, known for their affordability and ease of installation. However, not all asphalt shingles are created equal when it comes to wind resistance.

3-Tab Asphalt Shingles

3-tab shingles are the most basic type of asphalt shingle. They are single-layered and have a flat appearance. While they are the most economical option, they offer the least wind resistance. Typically, 3-tab shingles are rated for wind speeds up to 60 mph, but some higher-quality options may reach 80 mph. These are generally not recommended for areas with frequent high winds.

Architectural (Dimensional) Asphalt Shingles

Architectural shingles, also known as dimensional or laminate shingles, are a more durable and aesthetically pleasing option. They are multi-layered, creating a three-dimensional appearance that mimics the look of wood shakes or slate. Architectural shingles offer significantly better wind resistance than 3-tab shingles, often rated for wind speeds up to 110-130 mph. Many architectural shingles also come with enhanced wind warranties.

The increased thickness and weight of architectural shingles contribute to their superior wind resistance. The multiple layers are laminated together, providing a stronger bond that can withstand higher wind pressures.

Premium Asphalt Shingles

Premium asphalt shingles are the top-of-the-line option, offering the best performance and aesthetics. They often resemble slate or tile and provide exceptional durability and wind resistance. These shingles are typically rated for wind speeds of 130 mph or higher and often come with lifetime warranties.

Premium shingles often feature advanced sealant technologies and reinforced construction to provide maximum protection against wind uplift. They are a significant investment but can provide long-term peace of mind, especially in high-wind areas.

Tile Shingles: Durable but Heavy

Tile shingles, made from clay or concrete, are known for their durability and longevity. They are fire-resistant and can withstand extreme weather conditions. However, they are also heavier than asphalt shingles, requiring a stronger roof structure.

Clay Tile Shingles

Clay tile shingles are a classic roofing material that has been used for centuries. They are available in various shapes and colors, providing a distinctive aesthetic. Clay tiles are highly durable and can last for 50-100 years or more. However, they are also brittle and can be damaged by hail or falling debris.

Regarding wind resistance, clay tiles are generally very good due to their weight and interlocking design. However, proper installation is crucial to ensure they can withstand high winds. Individual tiles can be dislodged if not properly secured.

Concrete Tile Shingles

Concrete tile shingles are a more affordable alternative to clay tiles. They offer similar durability and aesthetic appeal but are slightly less expensive. Concrete tiles are also heavier than asphalt shingles and require a strong roof structure.

Concrete tiles offer excellent wind resistance, comparable to clay tiles. Their weight and interlocking design help them stay in place during high winds. Like clay tiles, proper installation is essential for optimal performance.

Metal Roofing: Lightweight and Wind-Resistant

Metal roofing is becoming increasingly popular due to its durability, longevity, and energy efficiency. Metal roofs are available in various materials, including steel, aluminum, and copper. They are lightweight and can withstand high winds, making them an excellent choice for high-wind areas.

Standing Seam Metal Roofing

Standing seam metal roofing is considered one of the most wind-resistant roofing materials available. The panels are connected with raised seams that interlock, creating a strong and watertight seal. Standing seam roofs can withstand wind speeds of up to 140 mph or higher.

The concealed fastener system of standing seam roofs minimizes the risk of wind uplift. The panels are securely attached to the roof deck, providing exceptional resistance to high winds and extreme weather conditions.

Metal Shingles

Metal shingles offer the aesthetic appeal of traditional shingles with the durability and wind resistance of metal roofing. They are available in various styles, mimicking the look of asphalt shingles, wood shakes, or slate.

Metal shingles are typically rated for wind speeds of up to 120 mph or higher. They are lightweight and easy to install, making them a popular choice for homeowners looking for a durable and attractive roofing option.

Slate Shingles: A Timeless and Durable Option

Slate shingles are a premium roofing material known for their timeless beauty and exceptional durability. They are made from natural stone and can last for 100 years or more. Slate roofs are fire-resistant and can withstand extreme weather conditions, including high winds.

Slate shingles are incredibly heavy, requiring a robust roof structure. Their weight and interlocking design provide excellent wind resistance. However, slate is also brittle and can be damaged by hail or falling debris. Proper installation by experienced professionals is crucial to ensure the longevity and performance of a slate roof.

Wood Shingles and Shakes: Natural Beauty with Maintenance Requirements

Wood shingles and shakes offer a natural and rustic aesthetic. They are made from cedar, redwood, or other durable woods. While wood roofs can be beautiful, they require regular maintenance to prevent rot, decay, and insect infestation.

Wood shingles and shakes are less wind-resistant than other roofing materials. They are more prone to wind uplift and damage, especially as they age. Regular maintenance, including applying preservatives and replacing damaged shingles, is essential to prolong the life of a wood roof in a high-wind area. Consider the fire risk as well and potential fire-retardant treatments to mitigate this.

Factors Affecting Wind Resistance

Several factors can affect the wind resistance of roof shingles, regardless of the material type. These factors include:

Proper Installation

Proper installation is the most critical factor in ensuring a roof’s wind resistance. Even the highest-rated shingles will fail if they are not installed correctly. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully and hire a qualified roofing contractor with experience in installing the specific type of shingle you choose.

Key aspects of proper installation include:

• Nailing: Using the correct number of nails, placing them in the proper location, and driving them flush with the shingle surface (not too deep or too shallow).
• Sealant: Applying sealant where required, especially in areas prone to high winds or water intrusion.
• Underlayment: Installing a proper underlayment to provide a waterproof barrier and protect the roof deck.
• Flashing: Properly flashing around chimneys, vents, and other roof penetrations to prevent water damage.

Roof Deck Condition

The condition of the roof deck is also crucial. If the deck is damaged or deteriorated, it will not provide a solid base for the shingles, reducing their wind resistance. Inspect the roof deck for signs of rot, decay, or water damage and repair or replace any damaged sections before installing new shingles.

Ensure the roof deck is properly fastened to the rafters or trusses. Loose or missing fasteners can compromise the structural integrity of the roof and reduce its ability to withstand high winds.

Attic Ventilation

Proper attic ventilation is essential for maintaining a healthy roof and maximizing its lifespan. Adequate ventilation helps regulate attic temperature and moisture levels, preventing condensation and ice damming. Poor ventilation can lead to premature shingle deterioration and reduce their wind resistance.

Ensure your attic has adequate intake and exhaust vents. Common types of attic vents include soffit vents, ridge vents, and gable vents. Consult with a roofing professional to determine the appropriate ventilation system for your home.

Shingle Age and Condition

As shingles age, they become more brittle and prone to damage. Exposure to sunlight, rain, and temperature fluctuations can cause the shingles to deteriorate over time. Regularly inspect your roof for signs of damage, such as cracking, curling, or missing granules. Replace damaged or worn shingles promptly to maintain the roof’s wind resistance.

Consider the expected lifespan of the shingles you choose. Higher-quality shingles typically last longer and offer better protection against the elements.

Local Building Codes

Local building codes often specify minimum wind resistance requirements for roof shingles. Check with your local building department to determine the applicable codes in your area. Ensure the shingles you choose meet or exceed these requirements.

Building codes may also specify specific installation requirements for high-wind areas. Follow these requirements carefully to ensure your roof complies with local regulations.

Choosing the Right Shingles for Your Area

Selecting the best roof shingles for your home requires considering several factors, including your location, budget, and aesthetic preferences. Here are some tips to help you make the right choice:

Assess Your Local Wind Conditions

Research the typical wind speeds and weather patterns in your area. Check historical wind data and consult with local weather experts to understand the potential wind risks. This information will help you determine the appropriate wind resistance rating for your shingles.

Consider the exposure of your home to wind. Homes located on hilltops, near open fields, or along the coast are more vulnerable to high winds than homes sheltered by trees or other buildings.

Consider Your Budget

Roofing materials vary significantly in price. Set a budget before you start shopping for shingles and stick to it. Keep in mind that higher-quality shingles typically cost more but offer better durability and wind resistance.

Factor in the cost of installation when budgeting for your new roof. Hiring a qualified roofing contractor is essential to ensure proper installation and maximize the lifespan of your shingles.

Evaluate Aesthetic Options

Choose shingles that complement the style and color of your home. Roofing shingles are available in various colors, textures, and styles. Consider the overall aesthetic appeal of your home when making your selection.

Drive around your neighborhood and look at other homes with similar architectural styles. This can give you ideas for roofing materials and colors that you like.

Read Reviews and Get Recommendations

Read online reviews and get recommendations from friends, family, and neighbors. This can help you identify reputable roofing contractors and reliable shingle brands.

Check the Better Business Bureau (BBB) for ratings and reviews of roofing contractors in your area. Look for contractors with a proven track record of quality workmanship and customer satisfaction.

Check Warranties

Pay attention to the warranty offered by the shingle manufacturer. A good warranty will protect you against defects in materials and workmanship. Look for shingles with extended wind warranties, especially if you live in a high-wind area.

Understand the terms and conditions of the warranty. Some warranties may require specific installation procedures or regular maintenance to remain valid.

Maintenance Tips for Wind-Resistant Roofs

Even the most wind-resistant roof shingles require regular maintenance to ensure their longevity and performance. Here are some maintenance tips to keep your roof in top condition:

Regular Inspections

Inspect your roof at least twice a year, preferably in the spring and fall. Look for signs of damage, such as cracked, curled, or missing shingles. Check for loose nails or flashing around chimneys, vents, and other roof penetrations.

If you are not comfortable inspecting your roof yourself, hire a professional roofing contractor to perform the inspection.

Clear Debris

Keep your roof free of debris, such as leaves, branches, and pine needles. Debris can trap moisture and promote the growth of mold and mildew, which can damage the shingles. Use a leaf blower or broom to remove debris from the roof surface.

Clean out gutters and downspouts regularly to ensure proper drainage. Clogged gutters can cause water to back up onto the roof, leading to leaks and water damage.

Trim Trees

Trim trees that overhang your roof. Overhanging branches can drop debris onto the roof and cause damage. They can also rub against the shingles during high winds, causing wear and tear.

Keep branches at least 10 feet away from the roof to prevent damage and reduce the amount of debris that accumulates on the roof surface.

Repair Damage Promptly

Repair any damage to your roof promptly. Even minor damage can worsen over time, leading to more significant and costly repairs. Replace missing or damaged shingles as soon as possible.

If you notice a leak in your roof, contact a roofing contractor immediately. Water damage can spread quickly and cause extensive damage to your home’s structure and interior.

Consider a Professional Coating

For added protection, consider applying a professional roofing coating. These coatings can enhance the wind resistance of your shingles and extend their lifespan. They can also improve the roof’s energy efficiency by reflecting sunlight and reducing heat absorption.

Consult with a roofing professional to determine the best type of coating for your shingles and climate.

Conclusion

Choosing the best roof shingles for wind resistance is a crucial decision that can protect your home and save you money in the long run. By understanding wind resistance ratings, considering the different types of shingles available, and following proper installation and maintenance procedures, you can ensure your roof can withstand even the most severe weather conditions.

Remember to assess your local wind conditions, consider your budget and aesthetic preferences, read reviews and get recommendations, and check warranties before making your final decision. With the right shingles and proper care, your roof will provide years of reliable protection and peace of mind.